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Departmental Sections |
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 Section on Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
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Section Head – Thomas Slaughter, M.D. |
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 Section on Adult Critical Care
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Section Head - David Bowton, MD |
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 Section on Inpatient General Anesthesia
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Section Head – John Reynolds, MD
Director, Inpatient ORs, Randy Calicott, MD
Director, Post-Anesthesia Care Unit, Lorraine Arias, MD |
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 Section on Neuroanesthesiology
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Section Head - John Reynolds, MD |
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 Section on Obstetric Anesthesiology
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Section Head - Robert D'Angelo, MD (FMC) |
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 Section on Outpatient and Office-Based Anesthesia
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Section Head - Arthur Foreman, MD |
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 Section on Pediatric Anesthesiology and Pediatric Critical Care
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Section Head - Joseph Tobin, MD |
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 Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management
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Section Head - J.C. Gerancher, MD |
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 Acute Pain Service
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Director - James Crews, MD |
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 Orthopedic Anesthesiology
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Director - Robert Weller, MD |
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 Patient Simulation Laboratory
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Director - Sarah Gillespie, MD |
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 Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
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Director - Thomas Nakagawa, MD |
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 Preoperative Assessment Clinic (PAC)
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Director – Robert Strickland, MD |
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Section on Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology
Section Head – Thomas Slaughter, MD |
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 The Section on Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology administers anesthetics for about 700 open-heart cases each year and 200 other intrathoracic procedures. Of the 6 physicians in the Section, some also have board-certification in medicine or critical care medicine. A major focus of the section is intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography.
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Section on Critical Care Anesthesiology
Section Head - David Bowton, MD
 Seven physicians share duties to provide 5 full-time equivalents in the adult ICU at NCBH. Three of these physicians are board-certified anesthesiologists in addition to being board-certified in critical care medicine. The remaining physicians are board-certified in critical care medicine and have backgrounds in internal medicine, emergency medicine, nephrology, cardiology, and pulmonary medicine and average more than 8 years of experience. This cross-training gives house officers and fellows a range of experience not available anywhere else in the region. The ICU team supports the neurosurgical and cardiothoracic ICUs, provides medical directorship for the 72-bed adult ICU, and has a separate call schedule. |
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Section on Inpatient General Anesthesia
Section Head – John Reynolds, MD
Director, Inpatient ORs - Randy Calicott, MD
Director, Post-Anesthesia Care Unit - Lorraine Arias, MD
Needing surgery for any reason is anxiety-provoking for most of us. We understand this concept exceedingly well because our profession, universally, is primarily dedicated to bringing people safely and comfortably through this experience. Providing anesthesia is our privilege and the dozens of anesthesiologists in our department have dedicated their lives to its proper performance. Your anesthetic will always be performed by a team headed by an anesthesiologist. All anesthesiologists are doctors of medicine who have completed four yours of medical school, three to four years of anesthesia residency, and many have done extra years of training in particular subspecialties to include neuroanesthesia, cardiac anesthesia, obstetric, pediatric, and regional anesthesia.
Our primary concern is patient safety, always. We are continuously assessing and monitoring every patient in our care to make certain everything that proceeds in the safest manner possible. From this foundation of safety ensures our other primary objectives: patient education and preparation for procedures, prevention, and treatment of pain and nausea, and assurance of a complete lack of awareness for procedures requiring complete or “general” anesthesia.
All anesthetics performed here will have a preoperative assessment completed before proceeding that includes a thorough review of all pertinent medical history, the explanation of all anesthetic options and the acquisition of your informed consent to proceed once all of your questions are answered. Upon completion of the procedure, patients are followed in a recovery area to ensure a safe emergence, optimize any nausea relief and transition pain treatment from surgery through to your next destination. |
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Section on Neuroanesthesiology
Section Head - John Reynolds, MD
 Should you require a neurosurgical procedure, our anesthesia department has an entire section dedicated to providing care in this unique arena. This includes any procedure on your head, neck, brain, spinal cord, or spine. There are unique considerations for these cases that we focus on particularly because we provide anesthesia for this specific population every single day. Our neuroanesthesia section currently has seven members that have in excess of 50 years experience providing neuroanesthesia. We understand the complexities of these procedures, and our sole purpose is to make the experience as comfortable as possible.
Should you have any questions regarding neuroanesthesia, I would be happy to answer them to the best of my ability. You may contact me at jereynol@wfubmc.edu. |
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Section on Obstetric Anesthesiology
Section Head - Robert D'Angelo, MD (Forsyth Medical Center) |
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 The 11 members of the Section on Obstetric and Gynecologic Anesthesiology provide anesthesia coverage for approximately 7,000 deliveries and 3,000 cases per year. Approximately 80% of vaginal deliveries utilize regional anesthesia, and over 90% of patients receive spinal or epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. In-house call by faculty and resident physicians ensures top-level service 24-hours a day. The section is internationally known for its research on spinal and epidural anesthesia and analgesia. Faculty members are board certified by the American Board of Anesthesiology and have completed fellowships in obstetric anesthesia. Physicians come from all over the country to train within the Section on Obstetric and Gynecologic Anesthesiology.
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Section on Outpatient and Office-Based Anesthesia
Section Head – Robert Strickland, MD |
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 The Section on Outpatient and Office-Based Anesthesiology provides service to over 6,500 patients per year in an 8 operating room suite. There are 4 full-time and 4 part-time members of this section. Resident education consists of both required and elective rotations which provide opportunities for learning aspects of care unique to the ambulatory surgery setting. Two section members have served or are currently serving as officers in the National Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia.
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Section on Pediatric Anesthesiology and Pediatric Critical Care
Section Head - Joseph Tobin, MD
 Resident education in Pediatric Anesthesiology is accomplished by 3 months direct care of both healthy and critically ill children. During the second year of anesthesia training at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, residents work on a daily basis with one of 8 Board Certified anesthesiologists in the care of children for all forms of general, urologic, orthopedic, ophthalmologic, plastic and reconstructive, otolaryngologic, cardiothoracic, and neurosurgical procedures. Care of premature infants and critically ill children is emphasized. The Brenner Children’s Hospital (located within the Medical Center) provides outstanding pediatric care and facilities, and functions as an independent pediatric hospital within a large general hospital environment. For 1 month during the CA-2 year, residents may elect a rotation at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), which provides additional experience. This high volume environment provides extensive experience to residents in a private practice setting within academia. Additional pediatric experience is acquired with a 1-month rotation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Brenner Children’s Hospital. During this month, the resident provides the day-to-day care of critically ill children and is supervised by pediatric anesthesiologists and critical care physicians providing hands-on experience with cerebrocardiopulmonary resuscitation, multidisciplinary critical care, and long-term management of complicated diseases. During the 3 required months of pediatric anesthesia experience, residents generally perform more than 100 individual anesthetics for children, newborn to 12 years of age. The combined ambulatory OR, PICU, out of OR (remote location), and inpatient OR experience provides extremely valuable resident education in the preoperative assessment, intraoperative care, and postoperative management of children. |
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Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management
Section Head - J.C. Gerancher, MD
 The Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management (RAAPM) has two complementary focuses to its provision of patient care, resident education, and clinical research. The first is the application of regional anesthetic techniques for surgery with an emphasis on peripheral nerve blockade and continuous catheter techniques. The faculty in this section work closely with residents during a dedicated month-long RAAPM rotation to provide patients with 2000-3000 peripheral nerve block procedures a year. Each resident places and manages 60-100 regional anesthetics during this month of intensive training which also includes the management of continuous thoracic and lumbar epidural regional anesthetics. The second focus of this section is to provide comprehensive acute pain management 24 hours a day, 365 days a year for these patients and others throught the Acute Pain Service described below. |
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Acute Pain Service
Director - James Crews, MD
 The Acute Pain Service (APS) is a division of the Section of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, which manages all inpatient pain management problems and conditions ranging from perioperative pain management, trauma-related pain, chronic pain, and cancer-related pain. The APS cares for both adult and pediatric patients. Over 150 new patient consultations are seen per month. Continuous epidural analgesia, continuous peripheral neural blockade, IV patient-controlled analgesia, and opioid and non-opioid analgesic therapies are widely used with an emphasis on patient care facilitating postoperative and post-injury rehabilitation. Resident education through twice daily attending rounds, didactic discussions, and case presentations, as well as clinical research are integral components of the APS. |
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Patient Simulation Laboratory
Director – Sarah Gillespie, MD
 The Patient Simulation Laboratory (PSL) is a multidisciplinary and institutional teaching center that opened in May 1999. Developed as a joint project between the Hospital, Medical School, and Department of Anesthesiology, it features a highly technical human mannequin with realistic pulmonary, cardiovascular, and pharmacological models. The mannequin can simulate a variety of traumatic, cardiac, and airway emergencies and will respond to a number of invasive procedures, and over 70 different medications. Although directed by the Department of Anesthesiology, the PSL is open to many different nursing, medical, and public groups both within and outside the Medical Center. The Laboratory has a number of Simulation Specialists capable of training in these many disciplines. Within the Department of Anesthesiology, for example, the PSL is used to train medical students, student nurse anesthetists, CRNAs, and residents. The laboratory is outfitted with the latest in cardiovascular monitoring, an anesthesia machine, defibrillator, and airway equipment. A comprehensive multimedia system is used to capture human performance on videotape or to provide live, interactive feeds to specific audiences. All presentations are given in electronic format. The lab is open five days/week with the assistance of Ian Saunders, our Lab Coordinator. |
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Orthopedic Anesthesiology
Director - Robert Weller, MD
 Orthopedic surgery represents nearly 20% of inpatient, and over 30% of outpatient surgical volume at North Carolina Baptist Hospital, totaling over 5000 cases per year. Subspecialties include orthopedic trauma, pediatric orthopedics, orthopedic oncology, and total joint replacement with a dedicated inpatient unit and total joint program. The anesthesiologists who concentrate in orthopedics employ a variety of regional anesthesia techniques and coordinate these with acute pain management service to optimize perioperative analgesia and rehabilitation. Opportunities for resident education in regional anesthesia and research in perioperative analgesia are abundant. |
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Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Director - Thomas Nakagawa, MD |
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 The pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Brenner's Children's Hospital is a state-of-the-art, high-level, 13-bed unit with an additional 7-bed imtermediate care unit. The PICU has 6.5 full-time board-certified/board-eligible pediatric intensive care and anesthesia specialists who provide 24-hour coverage caring for critically ill and injured children ranging in age from birth to 21 years of age. The PICU averages 720 admissions per year with an average daily census of 5.2 patients. The intensivists provide consultation and care for surgical patients and manage medical patients collaborating with pediatric surgical and medical subspecialists. Residents from anesthesiology, emergency medicine, and pediatrics rotate through the PICU gaining exposure to children with complex medical problems. Residents are directly supervised by the attending faculty as they obtain experience caring from critically ill children with neurologic, cardiopulmonary, and multisystem disease processes, multidisciplinary critical care issues, and long-term management of complicated disease processes. An active cardiac surgery program allows residents to participate in the care of infants and children with congenital heart disease. Additionally, residents acquire experience with medical emergencies, neurosurgical diseases, pediatric trauma, airway management, mechanical ventilation, vascular access, and ECMO. Didactic lectures in addition to daily teaching rounds occur for the housestaff, medical students, nursing, and ancillary staff in the PICU. A pediatric sedation service run by the pediatric intensivists provides IV and inhalational anesthesia for the approximately 1,000 children each year who require sedation for various procedures such as burn debridement, diagnostic and therapeutic lumbar punctures, wound closures, hearing and ocular exams, and central line placement. Residents have the opportunity to rotate through the sedation suite as an elective acquiring additional experience with IV sedation and advanced airway management.
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 Preoperative Assessment Clinic
Director – Raymond C. Roy, PhD, MD
The Preoperative Assessment Clinic (PAC) is an innovative, efficient, and newly remodeled, patient-friendly clinic. The PAC provides preoperative preparation and evaluation for over 16,000 outpatients and same-day surgery patients each year. Evidence-based testing is utilized to choose tests wisely and avoid unnecessary "routine" testing. The Anesthesiology Department has an attending anesthesiologist, two physician assistants, and a nurse clinician dedicated full-time to the clinic. In addition, an Intern and CA-1 in the Anesthesiology Residency program also learn preoperative assessment and diagnostic testing on a daily basis. While we routinely obtain our own testing, including noninvasive cardiac and pulmonary tests, a variety of consultants are available for more complex patients. An electronic Preoperative Assessment system is currently undergoing implementation in the clinic.
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